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Monday, March 23, 2015

The Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT) has launched a campaign to publicise the latest range of super-clean Euro 6 diesels

The Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT) has launched a campaign to publicize the latest range of super-clean Euro 6 diesels. This is to counter growing anti-diesel rhetoric in recent months, something the car industry body describes as “misguided”.
All new-to-market diesel cars meet Euro 6 emissions standards, and every single diesel car on sale will have to meet them by law from 1 September 2015.


Has the recent demonstration of diesel been fair?

The SMMT’s pro-diesel campaign, backed by CEOs from BMW UK, Ford of Britain, Jaguar Land Rover and Volkswagen, has been launched to “challenge the increasing demonetization of diesel”.
The organization has found that almost 9 in 10 UK adults are unaware of Euro 6 emissions standards – but over half blamed cars and commercial vehicles as the biggest cause of air pollution in the UK. This is incorrect, said the SMMT: power stations are the country’s biggest polluter, but less than 1 in 5 UK adults actually know that.

It would take 42 million Euro 6 diesel cars – four times the number of diesel cars on the road – to emit the same amount of harmful nitrogen oxides (NOx) pollutants as one coal-fired power station; there are currently 15 coal-fired power stations in the UK.


The Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT) has launched a campaign to publicise the latest range of super-clean Euro 6 diesels


But exactly what is a Euro 6 diesel?

In brief, it is a car that meets super-strict emissions regulations that came into force in September 2014.
The outgoing exhaust emissions standard is called Euro 5, which became mandatory in 2011 for the sale of all new cars. Euro 6 standards are the next progression of this, and all new cars sold from 1 September 2015 must meet them.

There are already thousands of Euro 6-compliant cars in use on British roads; from September, every new car from the 2.3 million sold in Britain each year will become compliant – and as diesel accounts for around half the new car market, the environmental benefits are set to spread rapidly.


Why are Euro 6 diesels such a step on?

Meeting Euro 6 emissions regulations is, with a few exceptions, relatively straightforward for petrol engines. For diesel cars though, it is much more challenging.

Euro 5 regulations clamped down on exhaust particulates, which mean many new diesel models are fitted with standard exhaust particulate filters (particulates is less of an issue for petrol cars). This time, Euro 6 regulations are targeting a reduction in NOx, because they are a significant greenhouse gas and air pollutant.

Indeed, the greenhouse gas effect of nitrogen oxides itself is hundreds of times greater than carbon dioxide: it is the fourth largest contributor to greenhouse gas global warming.

The cut is large: a Euro 6 diesel car must emit more than 50 per cent less nitrogen oxides than a Euro 5 diesel. The cap is 80 mg/km, compared to a 180 mg/km allowance for Euro 5 diesels. The reduction from Euro 4 to Euro 5 was 20 per cent, showing how severe the reduction demanded by Euro 6 is.

Back in 2000, the nitrogen oxides limit was 500 mg/km, illustrating how large the reduction has been.

Local air pollution is also being tackled by Euro 6 standards with a cap on emissions of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides from diesel cars. These are limited to 170 mg/km, compared to 230mg/km with the current Euro 5 regulations.

This is why Euro 6 regulations are so significant. Diesel engines naturally produce higher levels of nitrogen oxides than petrol cars. Euro 5 was a daunting target for diesel engines to meet, but Euro 6 is perhaps even more challenging.

To meet them, car manufacturers are having to invest in yet more new diesel engine filtration technology to clean up exhaust emissions. One example of this is Selective Catalytic Reduction, which stores emissions and then ‘selectively’ heats up to regenerate and neutralise the emissions. Another alternative is a fuel-borne urea solution (commonly known as ‘AdBlue’) which breaks down emissions in the exhaust.

Both ‘NOx filter’ solutions are costly. Diesel cars are already more expensive than comparable petrol models because of the costly exhaust after-treatment they require, and this will add to the price premium.



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Euro 6 emissions compliance will increasingly become a selling point over the next year or so, as the Euro 6 regulations become mandatory. What is not yet fully clear is how much it may add to the list price of diesel cars. The challenge for car manufacturers right now is to ensure it is kept as manageable as possible.

RAC chief engineer David Bizley said: “Diesel engines are generally more efficient than their petrol equivalent, though the gap is closing. The selection of diesel vehicles by an increasing  proportion of new car buyers in recent years has made a significant contribution to reducing carbon dioxide emissions and has also reduced fuel bills for their drivers.

"There is evidence that the previous generation of diesel emission standards (Euro 4 and 5) that have applied to new vehicles purchased since 2006 have not delivered all of the reduction in emissions of nitrogen dioxide and have not been as great as forecast because the internationally agreed tests that the vehicles have to pass have not adequately reflected real world driving.

"These testing procedures are being addressed by the international standards community and there are no reasons to believe that the reductions in oxides of nitrogen associated with the new Euro 6 standard for diesel vehicles, which will apply to all new diesel vehicles from this September, will not be delivered.

“However, it would be wrong to penalize motorists retrospectively for choosing a diesel vehicle when they believed it to be the best choice from an environmental perspective because of its low carbon dioxide emissions. Motorists should therefore continue to select the vehicle type that best fits with their needs.



New drug-driving laws come into force in March 2015 (INSURANCE RELATED)

Prescribed drugs included on the list of banned substances in new drug-driving laws.

As of 2nd March 2015 new laws mean motorists who drive whilst under the influence of drugs face stiffer penalties.
Under the new system, it is illegal to drive if you’re either unfit to do so because you’re on legal or illegal drugs, or if you have certain levels of certain drugs in your blood. Crucially, this includes some prescription drugs, even if they haven’t affected your driving.
The new law does not just affect those under the influence of illegal drugs, it also could lead to seemingly innocent drivers who are taking drugs for a medical condition being prosecuted.
What prescribed drugs are included under the new laws?
The list of drugs includes certain medicines that are sometimes abused, such as medicines to treat:
  • extreme pain (morphine, diamorphine, ketamine)
  • anxiety or inability to sleep (diazepam, clonazepam, lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam)
  • drug addiction (methadone)
  • attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (amphetamine)
  • multiple sclerosis (nabiximols)
Anyone found guilty of driving with any of these medicines above the limits in their bodies could be found guilty of breaking the law. However, if you’re taking the drugs according to the advice given and your driving is not impaired, you are not guilty of breaking the new laws.
See the final list of all the drugs and their limits below.

New drug-driving laws come into force in March 2015 (INSURANCE RELATED)

What are the penalties for drug-driving?
Under the crackdown, the Government has introduced a series of tougher punishments, including:
  • a minimum one-year driving ban
  • a fine of up to £5,000
  • up to one year in prison
  • a criminal record
  • a driving license endorsement that lasts for 11 years
  • a prison sentence of 14 years if found guilty of causing death by dangerous driving whilst under the influence of drugs
To enforce the new drug-driving laws, the police will carry new detection equipment which will test if a driver has taken illegal drugs, such as cocaine or cannabis. The roadside drugalyser will be used alongside existing breathalyser equipment. It’s believed that drug-driving accounts for around 200 deaths per year.

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What’s the RAC advice to drivers?
Our advice to motorists is to discuss any prescriptions with a doctor to make sure they will not impair their driving. Motorists should consult their doctor immediately if prescription drugs are affecting their ability to drive. We also recommend keeping copies of their prescriptions with them at all times.
Ignorance is not an excuse and it’s not worth the risk of a criminal record or, worse still, putting your own life and the lives of other motorists at risk.
The new drug-driving laws came into force on 2nd March 2015. More information can be found here: http://think.direct.gov.uk/drug-driving.html
RAC spokesman Simon Williams said: “The introduction of this new offence sends out a clear message to users of banned substances that driving while under the influence is not acceptable and can now be detected with drugalyser devices. However, it has the potential to affect hundreds of thousands of people who use certain drugs for medicinal purposes.
“Motorists should keep copies of their prescriptions on them at all times, and discuss the effect of their medication with a doctor. They should also consult the doctor if their prescription is impairing their ability to drive. Even if drugs you are routinely taking have never impaired your driving, if you’re over the new limit for a particular drug and are caught, you will fall foul of the offence. So the message is – don’t risk it, check it.”


 

The final list of drugs and their limits
Threshold limit in blood
Benzoylecgonine 50μg/L
Clonazepam 50μg/L
Cocaine 10μg/L
Delta – 9 – Tetrahydrocannabinol (Cannabis & Cannabinol) 2μg/L
Diazepam 550μg/L
Flunitrazepam 300μg/L
Ketamine 20μg/L
Lorazepam 100μg/L
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) 1μg/L
Methadone 500μg/L
Methylamphetamine 10μg/L
Methylenedioxymethaphetamine (MDMA – Ecstasy) 10μg/L
6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM – Heroin & Morphine) 5μg/L
Morphine 80μg/L
Oxazepam 300μg/L
Temazepam 1,000μg/L